PANDOC-3402-Thesis-2024

The hadron spectroscopy and structure are currently very active fields of research to study the non-perturbative regime of quantum chronodynamics. The first one studies the complex structure of excited hadrons by looking at their decay products, while the latter uses lepton scattering on nucleons. Both methods require reconstruction algorithms with great efficiency and good particle identification and background rejection rates. This work aims to provide these by either improving the existing methods or developing new ones.

The first part of this document presents a feasibility study of a predicted hybrid charmonium state for the $\mathrm{\overline{P}}$ANDA experiment. Lattice QCD calculations predict the ground state hybrid charmonium to be a spin exotic with quantum numbers of $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ at a mass of around 4.3 GeV with a width to be around 20 MeV. A machine learning based data analysis scheme is proposed to further improve the signal efficiency and the background reduction, alongside with improvements of the analysis software (PandaRoot), that are vital for this study. These improvements include a reworked clustering algorithm for the electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) and an optimized monte carlo matching for neutral particles.

The second part of this document is about studying the proton structure. A multidimensional study of the structure function ratio $\mathrm{F_{LU}^{sin(\phi)}/F_{UU}}$ has been performed for K$^\mathrm{\pm}$, based on the measurement of beam-spin asymmetries. It uses the high statistics data recorded with the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Laboratory. $\mathrm{F_{LU}^{sin(\phi)}}$ is a twist-3 quantity that provides information about the quark gluon correlations in the proton. This document will present for the first time a simultaneous analysis of two kaon channels over a large kinematic range of $z$, $x_B$, $P_T$ and $Q^2$ with virtualities $Q^2$ ranging from 1 GeV$^2$ up to 8 GeV$^2$ using machine learning techniques for improved particle identification.